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TARA BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY |
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Biogas is a mixture
containing 55-65% methane gas (CH4), 30 to 40% carbon dioxide (CO2)
and remaining being of
impurities like H2 (hydrogen), H2S
(hydrogen sulphide), and some N2 (nitrogen). It is a clean but
slow burning gas with a calorific value ranging from 5000 to 5500 kcal/kg.
It 
can be used directly in cooking reducing the demand for LPG & fire
wood. In rural areas Biogas has been popular by the name "Gobar
Gas" mainly due to the use of animal dung for its production. However
it is not only the excreta of cattle, but also of pigs, as well as poultry
dropping which can be effectively used for biogas generation. Other
materials through which biogas can be generated are agro waste, kitchen
waste, paper waste, sea weed, human excreta etc. However production of
methane gas (CH4) from agro waste is comparatively lesser than
animal dung. Productivity of biogas depends on ambient temperature. In
tropical regions it can be up to 30 days. In India between 30 – 50 day
retention period is adopted depending on the bio-climatic region.
Availability of gas in different types of feedstock also differs. Cattle
dung has the maximum followed by poultry.
Brief Production
Process:
The production process occurs in three distinct phase:
Enzymatic Hydrolysis:
Fats, starches and proteins in cellulosic biomass are broken down in to
simple compounds.
Acid formation:
Micro organisms are broken from acetic acid and volatile solids. Complex
organic compound are broken down to short chained simple organic acid.
Methane formation:
Organic acids are converted in to methane (CH4) and CO2
(carbon dioxide) by bacteria which are strictly anaerobes. These bacteria
are called methane formatters. For efficient digestion these acid formers
and methane ferments must remain in a state of dynamic equilibrium which
decides the efficiency of gas generation.
Areas of
Application
Gas produced from this plant can be utilised for domestic and commercial
fuel purposes. Waste Slurry of the plant can be utilised as enriched manure.
Advantage
There are several advantages of biogas plant. Usually the gas produced is
consumed as a cooking fuel. Bye product manure is a very good fertilizer for
agriculture. Biogas units are effective means for the sanitary disposal of
human excreta. During the decomposition of night soil in a Biogas plant most
of the disease / causing pathogens are killed. Biogas is a dependable source
of rural energy form, providing an alternative source to kerosene, Diesel
wood, cow dung etc. It can also be used as a new source of energy for rural
agricultural mechanization and micro – enterprises.
Development
Status
Commercialized
Technical Data
| Specification | Quantity of gas consumed (m3/ hr) |
| 2" Burner | 0.33 |
| 2" Burner | 0.47 |
| 6 " Burner | 0.64 |
| Per person / day 100 candle power | 0.13 |
| 75 to 80 % replacement of diesel oil per BHP | 0.51 |
| 1 kwh | 0.21 |
Economic Data
Cost
benefit analysis of Biogas with different fuels
| Parameters | Biogas | LPG | Kerosene | Fire wood |
| Value of fuel per m3 | Rs. 7.50 | Rs. 5.35 | Rs. 4.96 | Rs. 7.06 |
| Replacement value( Qty) | 35 cft. | 0.50 kg | 0.62 kg | 3.47 kg |
| Energy value | 23.40 mj | 22.15 mj | 25.91mj | 55.11 mj |
Business
TARA (Technology and Action for Rural Advancement ) offers a clean fuel
technology, which converts biomass waste i.e. cow dung into gas and
slurry. There are no raw material cost which is assumed to be available
in villages. The value addition is purely on account of man power costs.
Technology is supplied by TARA (Technology and Action for Rural
Advancement), a leading sustainable technology marketing organisation.
Transfer forms
Equipment, Turnkey basis
For further
information, please contact :
| Dr.
Soumen Maity / Rajesh
BajpaiTechnology System Branch Development Alternatives 1077, Civil Lines Jhansi – 284 001 Telefax : 91+ 517+
452340 |
Mr.
Subroto Roy Senior Business Development Executive Development Alternatives B-32, TARA Crescent Qutab Institutional Area New Delhi – 110016 Tel : 91+ 11+
696-7938, 685-1158 |